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On August 2, 2026, the European Commission's full supervision and enforcement powers against providers of General Purpose AI (GPAI) models under Chapter V of the EU AI Act will become fully operational. While GPAI model providers have been subject to obligations under the Act since August 2, 2025 — including procedural requirements to interact with the AI Office and substantive obligations around model development documentation — the Commission has been granted a one-year adjustment period before it can begin exercising enforcement. The Commission's powers, once active, include the authority to request documentation and information, conduct evaluations, order compliance measures, mandate market recalls or withdrawals, and impose fines. Providers of GPAI models released before August 2, 2025 must be compliant by August 2, 2027. Enforcement can also be triggered through multiple routes: national market surveillance authorities may request the Commission act, downstream providers may lodge complaints, and the scientific panel may alert the AI Office to systemic or concrete identifiable risks posed by a GPAI model. EU Artificial Intelligence Act reported the core details. European Commission Digital Strategy noted additional context. EU Artificial Intelligence Act - GPAI Guidelines Overview added corroborating details.